Fallow deer (Dama dama) are medium-sized deer native to the Mediterranean region of Europe and western Asia, with wild populations historically centered in areas like Greece, Turkey, and parts of the Balkans; over centuries they were widely translocated by humans and now thrive across much of Europe, introduced ranges in the Americas, Australia, and New Zealand. Recognizable by their palmate antlers and spotted summer coats, fallow deer favor mixed woodlands and open grassland edges where they browse and graze, and their adaptability to varied habitats has helped them establish stable populations far beyond their original native range.